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Bologna bottle
A Bologna bottle, also known as a Bologna phial or philosophical vial, is a glass bottle which has great external strength, often used in physics demonstrations and magic tricks. The exterior is generally strong enough that one could pound a nail into a block of wood using the bottle as a hammer; however, even a small scratch on the interior would cause it to crumble.
It is created by heating a glass bottle and then slowly cooling the outside whilst rapidly cooling the inside. This causes external strength and internal stress such that even a scratch on the inside is sufficient to shatter the bottle.
The effect is utilized in several magic effects, including the "Devil's Flask."
==Manufacture==
To create the desired effect, the bottles are rapidly cooled on the inside and slow cooled on the outside during the glass-making process. This causes the stress to be concentrated on the inside of the flask, while the quick-cooled, compressed, extremely hard, and otherwise incredibly brittle glass on the outside is held together by those powerful internal stresses. The glass is not annealed.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.hyperdictionary.com/dictionary/bologna )〕 Reheating the glass and then allowing it to cool slowly will remove the unique properties from the glass.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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